Wayland's Smithy
Sightseeing attraction | Ashbury | England | United Kingdom
Wayland's Smithy - A mystical Neolithic long barrow in the English Downs
Wayland's Smithy is one of the most fascinating prehistoric sites in England, located near Ashbury in Oxfordshire. This impressive Neolithic long barrow once served as a burial site and is deeply rooted in legends, myths, and archaeological significance. Situated on the famous Ridgeway, one of the oldest known paths in Britain, Wayland's Smithy attracts hikers, history enthusiasts, and lovers of mysticism alike.
History and archaeological significance
Wayland's Smithy was built approximately 5,500 years ago during the Neolithic period. It is a megalithic tomb that served as a final resting place for an early agricultural community. It is one of the most significant long barrows in Britain, showcasing the impressive construction methods and rituals of the time.
The site was constructed in two phases:
1. Earlier structure - The original layout consisted of a small wooden and stone structure with multiple burials.
2. Later structure - The burial site was later reconstructed into its current form, with a long stone chamber and a distinctive facade made of large sarsen stones.
Archaeological investigations have revealed the remains of at least 14 individuals buried here, including men, women, and children. The arrangement of the bones suggests that this may have been a collective burial site where the dead were laid to rest after complex rituals.
Structure and architecture of the long barrow
Wayland's Smithy is one of the best-preserved long barrows in England. It is approximately 55 meters long and 13 meters wide, surrounded by large sarsen stones that form a monumental entrance facade. These stones are believed to have come from the same region as the stones of Avebury and Stonehenge, indicating that the early farmers of the region had extensive trade or cultural connections.
The inner burial chamber consists of multiple chambers where the remains of the deceased were found. The massive construction of the site demonstrates the sophisticated techniques already employed by people in the Neolithic period.
Legends and myths - The Smith of the Gods
Wayland's Smithy is not only an archaeological monument, but also a place full of mysticism and legends. The name is derived from Wayland, a figure from Germanic and Norse mythology. Wayland was a legendary blacksmith who was said to possess supernatural powers.
According to legend, Wayland's Smithy was once his forge. It is said that horses left here overnight and paid with a silver coin would be found freshly shod the next morning. This idea that the hill was once inhabited by an invisible, supernatural smith persists in local folklore to this day.
The site is connected to other mythical locations in the area, including the nearby Uffington White Horse, a giant prehistoric chalk figure that may also be associated with Wayland.
The surroundings - A magical place in the Downs
Wayland's Smithy is located on the Ridgeway, one of the oldest known paths in Britain, used by hunters and early settlers in the Stone Age. The landscape is characterized by rolling hills, ancient hedgerows, and expansive views over the Oxfordshire Downs.
The surroundings enhance the mystical atmosphere of the site:
- The Ridgeway footpath passes directly by Wayland's Smithy, providing a perfect opportunity to incorporate the site into a longer hike.
- The Uffington White Horse, a prehistoric chalk figure, is located nearby, forming a region rich in archaeological and mythological significance with Wayland's Smithy.
- Ashdown Park and other Neolithic sites can be found in the area, indicating that this region once had central importance for early societies.
Wayland's Smithy today - A place of silence and spirituality
Today, Wayland's Smithy is a quiet and secluded attraction that draws hikers, historians, and those interested in spiritual or esoteric places. The site is protected by English Heritage but remains largely untouched and freely accessible.
Many visitors describe a special, almost supernatural atmosphere. The site is often described with terms like "peaceful," "powerful," and "mystical." Particularly at sunrise or sunset, Wayland's Smithy unveils an almost unreal beauty as the light bathes the ancient stones in warm colors.
Some spiritually inclined individuals use the site for meditation or connecting with nature. Due to its significance in mythology, Wayland's Smithy is also a special place for followers of ancient Celtic and Norse beliefs.
Conclusion
Wayland's Smithy is more than just an archaeological monument - it is a site full of history, mysteries, and natural beauty. The impressive long barrow speaks to the advanced construction methods of early farmers, while the legends surrounding Wayland envelop the site in a magical aura.
For hikers, history enthusiasts, and those looking to explore the secrets of the past, Wayland's Smithy is a must-visit destination. The combination of ancient architecture, spectacular landscape, and mythological significance makes this site one of the most fascinating historical locations in England.
